ツイート

オーストラリアの通信簿


NOTABLE COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES Rank/131 NOTABLE COMPETITIVE DISADVANTAGES Rank/131
1st pillar: Institutions

01.17 Efficacy of corporate boards 3
01.16 Strength of auditing and reporting standards 4
01.05 Judicial independence 6
01.01 Property rights 8
01.18 Protection of minority shareholders’ interests 8
01.02 Intellectual property protection 10
01.03 Diversion of public funds 10
01.07 Wastefulness of government spending 10
01.09 Efficiency of legal framework 11
01.15 Ethical behavior of firms 12
01.14 Reliability of police services 12
01.10 Transparency of government policymaking 12
01.06 Favoritism in decisions of government officials 13
01.04 Public trust of politicians 16

2nd pillar: Infrastructure

02.06 Available seat kilometers (hard data) 8
02.05 Quality of air transport infrastructure 14
02.08 Telephone lines (hard data) 16

3rd pillar: Macroeconomic stability

03.05 Government debt (hard data) 16

4th pillar: Health and primary education

04.02 Malaria incidence (hard data) 1
04.08 Life expectancy (hard data) 3
04.04 Tuberculosis incidence (hard data) 9
04.09 Quality of primary education 12

5th pillar: Higher education and training

05.01 Secondary enrollment (hard data) 1
05.03 Quality of the educational system 8
05.02 Tertiary enrollment (hard data) 13
05.06 Internet access in schools 15
05.05 Quality of management schools 16
05.07 Local availability of specialized research and training services 16

6th pillar: Goods market efficiency

06.06 Number of procedures required to start a business (hard data) 1
06.07 Time required to start a business (hard data) 1
06.03 Effectiveness of anti-monopoly policy 5
06.08 Agricultural policy costs 10
06.01 Intensity of local competition 15

7th pillar: Labor market efficiency

07.04 Rigidity of employment (hard data) 4
07.08 Reliance on professional management 5
07.06 Firing costs (hard data) 6

8th pillar: Financial market sophistication

08.08 Regulation of securities exchanges 2
08.09 Legal rights index (hard data) 3
08.02 Financing through local equity market 6
08.01 Financial market sophistication 8
08.07 Soundness of banks 9
08.04 Venture capital availability 13
08.03 Ease of access to loans 13

9th pillar: Technological readiness

09.06 Internet users (hard data) 4
09.07 Personal computers (hard data) 6
09.02 Firm-level technology absorption 18

10th pillar: Market size

10.01 Domestic market size index (hard data) 17

11th pillar: Business sophistication

11.08 Extent of marketing 12
11.09 Willingness to delegate authority 14
11.02 Local supplier quality 16

12th pillar: Innovation

12.02 Quality of scientific research institutions 15
12.07 Utility patents (hard data) 17
1st pillar: Institutions

01.11 Business costs of terrorism 79
01.08 Burden of government regulation 68
01.12 Business costs of crime and violence 26
01.13 Organized crime 24

2nd pillar: Infrastructure

02.04 Quality of port infrastructure 29
02.02 Quality of roads 25
02.07 Quality of electricity supply 23
02.03 Quality of railroad infrastructure 22
02.01 Quality of overall infrastructure 21

3rd pillar: Macroeconomic stability

03.02 National savings rate (hard data) 73
03.04 Interest rate spread (hard data) 66
03.03 Inflation (hard data) 53
03.01 Government surplus/deficit (hard data) 38

4th pillar: Health and primary education

04.01 Business impact of malaria 48
04.11 Education expenditure (hard data) 45
04.05 Business impact of HIV/AIDS 37
04.10 Primary enrollment (hard data) 34
04.06 HIV prevalence (hard data) 25
04.03 Business impact of tuberculosis 22
04.07 Infant mortality (hard data) 22

5th pillar: Higher education and training

05.04 Quality of math and science education 24
05.08 Extent of staff training 20

6th pillar: Goods market efficiency

06.05 Total tax rate (hard data) 83
06.04 Extent and effect of taxation 75
06.10 Trade-weighted tariff rate (hard data) 67
06.12 Business impact of rules on FDI 54
06.11 Prevalence of foreign ownership 25
06.13 Burden of customs procedures 25
06.09 Prevalence of trade barriers 24
06.15 Buyer sophistication 20
06.02 Extent of market dominance 20
06.14 Degree of customer orientation 19

7th pillar: Labor market efficiency

07.02 Flexibility of wage determination 87
07.03 Non-wage labor costs (hard data) 83
07.05 Hiring and firing practices 63
07.01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations 47
07.10 Female participation in labor force (hard data) 42
07.07 Pay and productivity 40
07.09 Brain drain 36

8th pillar: Financial market sophistication

08.05 Restriction on capital flows 50
08.06 Strength of investor protection (hard data) 35

9th pillar: Technological readiness

09.08 Broadband Internet subscribers (hard data) 30
09.05 Mobile telephone subscribers (hard data) 29
09.04 FDI and technology transfer 19
09.03 Laws relating to ICT 19
09.01 Availability of latest technologies 19

10th pillar: Market size

10.02 Foreign market size index (hard data) 36

11th pillar: Business sophistication

11.05 Value chain breadth 86
11.03 State of cluster development 49
11.04 Nature of competitive advantage 43
11.06 Control of international distribution 34
11.01 Local supplier quantity 33
11.07 Production process sophistication 23

12th pillar: Innovation

12.06 Availability of scientists and engineers 34
12.01 Capacity for innovation 30
12.05 Government procurement of advanced technology products 28
12.03 Company spending on R&D 25
12.04 University-industry research collaboration 22